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Genus and species names are defined by the first person to "describe" them in the technical literature. As such, there is no way to definitively categorize them based on the name itself...it simply involves a lot of rote memory. Most introductory guides should provide you with the scientific names of any mushroom fruiting body that they may be talking about. If they don't, look elsewhere. Orders and families are another matter entirely and again, any good guide should be organized along those lines (Russulaceae, Polyporaceae, Agaricaceae, etc). Hope this helps, Bruce