Key to American Phylloporus spp.
Phylloporus Key - Basal Mycelium Dependent
1 Basal Mycelium White 2
1 Basal Mycelium Yellow 3
2 Cap Red-Brown; Stains blue or bue-green w/ NH4 P. leucomycelinus
Flesh cyanescent when exposed.
2 Cap dull brown; Reaction to NH4 positive or negaitive P. boletinoides
3 Flesh stains blue when exposed, No reaction to NH4 P. foliiporus
Cap red, stem yellowish
3 Not as above; If NH4 negative, then spores ovoid 4
4 Cap olive; Often grows with Pinus on sandy soil; West Coast P. arenicola
4 Cap brown; often grows with Quercus (no sand) P. rhodoxanthus
Phylloporus Key - Flesh Changes Upon Exposure to Air
1 Flesh does not change when exposed to air 2
1 Flesh changes color when exposed to air 4
2 Gills have cross-sections making them resemble pores P. boletinoides
2 Not as above 3
3 Cap olive; Often grows with Pinus on sandy soil; West Coast P. arenicola
3 Cap brown; Often grows with Quercus (no sand) P. rhodoxanthus
4 Flesh cyanescent when exposed to air P. leucomycelines
4 Flesh sometimes or always staining blue 5
5 Flesh stains blue; Negative NH4 reaction P. foliiporus
5 Flesh sometimes stains blue; NH4 positive or negative P. boletinoides
Gills have cross-sections making them resemble pores
Phylloporus Key - NH4 Reaction
1 No reaction to NH4 2
1 Positive reaction to NH4 3
2 Gills have cross-sections making them resemble pores P. boletinoides
2 Not as above; Flesh stains blue; Cap red, stem yellowish P. foliiporus
3 Gills have cross-sections making them resemble pores P. boletinoides
3 Not as above 4
4 Cap olive; Often grows with Pinus on sandy soil; West Coast P. arenicola
4 Cap brown; Often grows with Quercus (no sand) P. rhodoxanthus
Need to add P. leucomycelinus to this key
Field Notes:
P. rhodoxanthus - Griffey Reservoir - Bloomington, IN - 7-26-11
Older Specimen. Pileus 4.3 cm broad. Length stem: 5 cm (from end of gills) Stem and cap: 7.5 cm long. Stipe yellow with reddish scabber like scruff going down to base. Lemellae broadly decurrent. NH4 positive on cap surface. Blue green. No reaction on context, gills, stem surface. Yellow basal mycelium - both underground and fuzzy on base of stipe. Light yellow flesh does not change when bruised.
P. leucomycelinus - Griffey Reservoir - Bloomington, IN - 7-26-11
Younger Specimen. Pileus 2 cm broad. Length stem: 2.6 cm (from end of gills) Stem and cap: 3.3 cm long. Stipe initially yellow. Bruised wine red down the entire length of stipe. Lamellae decurrent. NH4 positive on cap surface. Blue green. No reaction on context, gills, stem surface. White basal mycelium in the mud at the base of the stalk. Interior flesh turns wine red when exposed to air - both stem and context.
P. rhodoxanthus vs. P. leucomycelinus (7-26-11)
Interior flesh of P. leucomycelinus bruises wine red, while the interior flesh of P. rhodoxanthus does not bruise.
Possibly scabber-like on P. rhodo and not P. leuco.
NH4 positive on pileus. Blue-green on both. Similar color
Note the above pictures are a young P. leucomycelinus and a mature P. rhodoxanthus.
Future ID Questions?
Are gills more broadly decurrent on P. rhodoxanthus when young and old? (7-26-11) Guessing no. Likely because comparing old and new specimens (7-26-11)
Does P. leucomycelinus usually lack the scabber-like scruff going down the stipe? (7-26-11)
Does basal mycelium usually appear as a fluff on the base of stalk as well on P. leuco? (7-26-11)
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